Summary Of The Day Of Reckoning Will Come - 997 Words

Sept. 17, 2015 The Ku Klux Klan was originally a political entity. While racism certainly was and is a part of the organization, and, no doubt, a large reason for the formation of this particular group, the group was also almost completely political in its actions. When the Raleigh Daily Sentinel published â€Å"The Day of Reckoning Will Come† in 1869, it spoke out against the group, calling them a â€Å"carpet bagger† race that tended excite and rouse the emotions in the local citizens, then leave them holding the bag when at it was time for judgment, both by the public and the law (39). The writer insists they will be exposed for what and who they are in the end, and that decent people, both white and black will be exonerated. In the final sentence, the writer warns the reader to be wary of connections he might form with this group, as it might not end pleasantly for him (39). He even says that members of the Legislature have been corrupted by these people and th at national monies have been wasted by them (39). An image that appeared in Harper’s Weekly in 1867 shows a happy go lucky black about to be accosted by a white Southerner with a flyer for the Military Bill in the background (37). The caption reads, â€Å"We accept the situation†, alluding to the words being said contrasted to the actions being taken by the Ku Klux Klan and other groups with political connections who are escalating the situation. Mark Twain, in his â€Å"United States of Lyncherdom† tells the reader thatShow MoreRelatedEveryman Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 PagesThereafter, Everyman seeks to find a companion to go with him on the journey to give account of his life to God but to no avail, Everyman soon realizes that all of those who accompanied him on earth soon abandon him. Outline: i. Introduction ii. Summary of Allegorical Characters iii. Author’s Perception of Death iv. Conclusion i. Introduction â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play and the author is unknown. This play first appeared in England in the 16th century. It is known to be early medievalRead MoreThe s Perception And Treatment Of Everyman1740 Words   |  7 Pagesperception is that at the end of the day one cannot take anything or anyone with them when they die. The only entity someone can take is their actions and how they use the resources that are given to them. Those who put God before everything and perform good works will enjoy eternity with Him, but those who enjoy only the pleasures of life and forget God, will not. The author’s main message throughout the play is to not fearful of death but know that one day everyone will die, so do as much goodRead MorePerception of Death Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pagesa play that gives a message that death is inevitable. It shows that there is nothing a person can do to avoid it regardless of their worldly riches. I. Introduction A. Title of Poem – â€Å"Everyman† B. Author - Unknown C. Summary of Plot II. Analysis of the Play A. Characters B. Setting C. Theme III. The Author’s View of Death A. The author describes death by using allegory to camouflage the idea of death. B. The certainty of death Read MoreSummary Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1443 Words   |  6 Pagesand Proctor reveal the condition of their relationship, 7 months after John’s affair with Abigail. 1962, 8 days later from the day Betty becomes sick. The small courtroom within the Salem meeting house used for the General court. The witch trials begin with more than 30 women who have already been accused, the hysteria and backstabbing continue to worsen. 1962 6. One paragraph plot summary focusing on main events. Reverend Parris catches Elizabeth and her friends dancing in the forest with theirRead MorePerspectives On Spirit Baptism : Comparative Analysis Paper1469 Words   |  6 Pagesthat spirit baptism is demonstrated after receiving the gifts of tongues and the other issues which often raises is that its relation with the word. This paper will aim to analyse the different perspective on spirit baptism and will focus on the summary of different authors and their views. It will also analyse and evaluate the Macchia’s view on spirit baptism and will also give us perspective on how reformed and Roman Catholic churches sees the spirit baptism. It will help us understand the differentRead MoreEveryman1518 Words   |  7 Pageslife to God. He quickly realizes that the things he held dear to his heart during his earthly walk will fade and abandon him; he must die alone and his Good Deeds are all he can take with him into heaven. Outline: I. Introduction II. Summary of the Characters III. Authors Perception of Death IV. Conclusion â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play whose author is unknown. It dates back to the 16th century and was first seen in England. The play depicts a man who is caught upRead MoreSignificance Of Resurrection And The Created World1321 Words   |  6 PagesChrist was raised from the dead; commonly known as â€Å"Easter.† Easter is a celebration of the significance of the resurrection of Jesus and it has significance for the created world. The origin of the word Easter is uncertain. It is commonly thought to come from the name of the Teutonic Spring Goddess, Eastre [1]. Ä’ostre or Ostara (Old English: Ä’astre, Northumbrian dialect Ä’ostre; Old High German: *Ôstara) is a Germanic divinity who, by way of the Germanic month bearing her name (Northumbrian: Ä’osturmÃ… naà ¾;Read MoreEssay on American Post-War Occupation of Japan1508 Words   |  7 Pagesacting as the supreme commander in charge of the occupation, Japan changed drastically. Special attention was paid to the areas of military, economy, and government. The effects of the United States’ occupation of Japan were profound almost beyond reckoning, and have had enormous impacts on modern Japanese society as well as on almost every other society in the modern world and throughout the course of history. The original occupation plan, conceived by President Roosevelt, was to split Japan intoRead MoreThe Nature Of Knowledge, Reality, Existence, And Academic Discipline1889 Words   |  8 Pagescontroversial questions that has been pondered by philosophers of the Twenty and Twenty-First Centuries is whether or not it is possible for artificial intelligence, such as phones, laptops, or Smart TV’s, to function like a human brain would. These days, we have the capability of signaling somebody halfway across the world or finding out any piece of information within seconds. Our treasured pieces of technology are kept near us at all times and it is a comfortable feeling knowing that we have themRead MoreEssay On Cunning And Deception In Hamlet1714 Words   |  7 Pagesleast deceitful among them is Queen Gertrude. Nevertheless, her weak character pushed her to embrace her faith with cunning Claudius, in effect betraying her own son, Hamlet. Surely, seems like everybody has an agenda which make them devious. In summary, as stated above, â€Å"The Shakespeare play Hamlet, is a story about cunningness and deception.† Hence, it is rooted from Claudius murdering his own brother, seducing Gertrude, and taking the king’s throne (Snider, 79). As a son, naturally Hamlet tries

Essay on The Unique Characteristics of Rubies - 1048 Words

Being born in the month of July means that one’s birthstone happens to be the pink to blood-red colored gemstone called the Ruby. The word â€Å"ruby† comes from yet another word, â€Å"ruber† which translates in to red from the dead language of latin, even though this stone is not necessarily always red. Rubies are used most used modernly in jewelry, but are valued by the scientific world through the use of lasers. But July’s birthstone, ruby, has a lot more to what you see physically. From it is chemical formula to it’s environment and how it is formed, rubies have unique characteristics that no other gemstone has. Chemical Formula Every kind of gemstone’s chemical formula is unique and its very own, and is used as a way to identify what kind†¦show more content†¦Specific Gravity Specific Gravity in an element is As for a specific gravity, rubies have an average of about 3.97 to 4.05, making it a heavy stone according to a â€Å"Specific Gravity Chart† (GemSelect.com). Color Rubies are well known for their vibrant color, making them great for jewelry. Again, they are not necessarily always red as they are usually thought as, but can be a very light pink, red purple, red orange, and red brown as well. Their value changes with this color, Brighter red rubies appearing more attractive, putting them more in demand in relation to brownish red rubies, which demand lower prices due to their relative attractiveness. Luster A mineral’s luster has to do with it’s shine, reflection of light and how the mineral does so. There are about 30 different types of lusters. A mineral with high luster tends to appear glossy like glass, and is shiny. A ruby’s luster is â€Å"Vitreous†, meaning it will look shiny and appear as a glass when any light is shined upon it. Cleavage Cleavage is the pattern of rock formation found inside of a rock. There are many variations of cleavages, including Cubic, Octahedral, Rhombohedral, and Pinacoidal, or Perfect, Imprefect, Poor, or none at all. When splitting this mineral in half, there is not pattern that can be easily or possibly repeated, there for making a Ruby haveShow MoreRelatedThe Cultural And Contextual Impacts Of A Child s Development Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesErikson looks at the emotional development. Bronfenbrenner’s theory will also be looked at as it examines the cultural and contextual impacts of a child’s development. Ruby will be the child that will be looked in this essay. She is in the early childhood stage, sitting at the age of three. In Piaget’s cognitive development theory, Ruby is currently in the Preoperational stage. In this stage children increase the social and verbal interactions (Santrock, 2014). Limitations to Ruby’s pre operationalRead MoreCompare And Contrast Ruby And Little Red Riding Hood1235 Words   |  5 PagesLittle Red Riding and Ruby are stories that are unique from each other because of their main character. These characters are formed from societal norms that occurred at the time of publishing. These two components are what forces both stories to end differently which helps bring out different lessons to be learned by the reader. For the reader there are many signs throughout each text that helps understand the setting of the story. Not only does the language used in Ruby show that the story isRead MoreBone Gap By Laura Ruby Takes Readers On A Journey Of Magic1442 Words   |  6 PagesBone Gap by Laura Ruby takes readers on a journey of magic realism in the small town of Bone Gap, Illinois. This young adult novel features brothers, Sean and Finn O’Sullivan, as they struggle through feelings of rejection and loneliness due to continuous abandonment. When the beloved Roza mysteriously disappears, it only adds to the previous loss of their father and desertion of their mother. As the novel progresses, the line between reality and fantasy blurs while a determined Finn strives to findRead MoreWhy Egyptians Use Jewelry And Its Effects On Society1316 Words   |  6 Pages Ever since the dawn of civilization, items found in nature have fascinated and captivated the eyes and souls of mankind. From the earlies t jewelry, made of teeth, bones, and shells, to the more modern preciously cut diamonds and rubies, people have adorned their bodies with the best Earth has to offer in a variety of cultures for a myriad of reasons. Egyptians used jewelry as a means to ward off bad luck and illness; Europeans used jewelry to use show wealth and to indicate their social status;Read MoreDevelopment Of Artificial Minerals And Its Effects1682 Words   |  7 Pagesoptical, and physical features associated with natural minerals (Degryse Elsen, 2003). Even though large scale manufacture of synthetic minerals started after the Second World War, the practice traces its history to the late 1800s when synthetic ruby was first produced (Weldon, 2016). Different man-made minerals have use in communications, laser technology, abrasives, and microelectronics. The Unites States Federal Trade Commission regulates the manufacture of laboratory minerals in the UnitedRead MoreTheme For English B By Langston Hughes127 3 Words   |  6 Pagesnarrator and I share similar characteristics and experiences it is the differences that make the most impact throughout this paper. Three major differences are his teacher’s assignment, the colleges view of him, and his life in general. While Hughes does provide much background information on the narrator’s past, he gives multiple examples of his life a student and as a citizen living at the YMCA in Harlem. Initially, the professor’s assignment provides a unique view on what normal diagnosticRead MorePersonal Strategy Plan Personal Leadership And Ethics1410 Words   |  6 Pages it is best to allow them to juggle several projects at once, develop their own spontaneous systems, and provide positive reinforcement for all that they do well. (Ruby, 2014) Ethics Approach Theory It is my belief that we are the summation of our life experiences. Each experience exposes the opportunity to explore characteristic within ourselves that can determine our moral make up and ethical belief system. Virtue-based ethics foster virtue as a way of shaping one’s character and ethicalRead MoreThe Young Lords Movement Of The United States1292 Words   |  6 Pagesboth equally an inspiration for the Haitian revolution. 3. The SNCC was the student nonviolent coordinating committee. They were students who conducted sit-ins, freedom rides, and protests. It was founded in North Carolina. Among its members were Ruby Doris Smith Robinson, John Lewis, Marion S. Barry, and Dorothy Radner, Clifford Robinson, and Julian Bond. This organization impacted the Black Panther Party. They embraced the importance of nonviolent acts in their fight for civil rights. They initiatedRead MoreThanksgiving Is A Holiday That Comes With A Great Feast1388 Words   |  6 PagesThanksgiving is a holiday that comes with a great feast of very different and unique flavors. Imagine the mouthwatering meal, the zest of the ruby-red cranberry sauce, or the sweet scent of a pumpkin pie fresh out of the oven. When imagining tastes and smells sensory cues are often combined. The senses work together, but have you ever wondered how much the sense of taste influenced by other sensory information? If you pinch your nose you will taste le ss flavor? If the subjects nose is plugged andRead MoreA Study Of Terrorism And The Terrorist2000 Words   |  8 Pagesdate back through centuries of recorded history, it is nevertheless apparent that today, the threat of terrorism is as dire, if not more so, than ever before. Terrorism dominates public and media attention compared to other types of violent offending (Ruby, 2002b), and 9/11 and the 7/7 London bombings have demonstrated the devastating capabilities attributable to successful terrorist acts. Thus, understanding terrorism and ‘what makes someone a terrorist’, with a view to predicting terrorist attacks

Psychology And Music Violence Essay Example For Students

Psychology And Music Violence Essay The Effects of Violent Music Content on TeenagersThroughout history the human populous has beenattracted to music. Whether it be part of a ritual, anemotional release, religious reasons, or just forlistening pleasure music has been at the center of oursociety. We have used music to express ourselves, tellstories, and let others into our thoughts. However, weoften wonder whether what we are saying has an effect onthe listening audience. Recently, in the 1990s references have often beenmade to link violent and deviant behavior to music andcertain music genres. Some such genres include but arenot limited to; heavy metal, rock, death metal, rap,gansta rap, industrial, hardcore, and alternative music. During the last decade we have seen music lyrics becomemore and more violent and sexually explicit. Expertsargue that this can cause problems in children andadolescents. Studies show that the average teenagerlistens to approximately 40 hours of music in a givenweek. One is to assume that som ewhere in the mix a childis going to hear something derogatory or objectionable, asit has become the norm in todays society. In most musictoday especially rap and heavy metal most of the lyricscontain references to violence, sex, and/or drugs. Whilemany argue that this is dangerous for children to hear weknow that a modern day teenager often faces violence,drugs, suicide, pregnancy, and other aspects of thismusic. While we find that lyrics may be dangerous to a childwe must ask ourselves whether the child fully understandsand comprehends what the artist is saying. Teenagersoften do not understand what is being said, in fact in onestudy only 30 percent of those questioned knew the lyricsto their favorite songs and they all had variedcomprehension as to what the message was. It could beargued that if the lyrics were not included in the artistsbooklet then the audience would never know what was beingsaid. Some lyrics are indeed harsh such as this Nine InchNails lyric:I am a big man yes I am; and I have a big gun; gotme a big ole *censored* and I like to have fun; held againstyour forehead Ill make you suck; you know, just forthe *censored* of it. Obviously we cannot interpret this as a positive meaning. A sampling of lyrics from Marilyn Manson include Who saysdate rape isnt fun, the housewife I will beat..,and I slit my teenage wrist, among others. Mansonconcerts are often grounds to bash religion and rip bibleswhile fan chant we hate love, we love hate. Other songsthat have overtones of violence include slap-a-ho byDove Shack and another song sung by death metal bandCannibal Corpse in which they make reference tomasturbating with a dead womans head. Avid music loversattest that they words sung in these songs are just wordsand or no different that poetry printed in literaturebooks. No studies to date have concluded that listeningto a song that speaks of death will make a teenager wantto go out and kill. Do these kinds of lyrics breed todays children to bekillers and to be sexually promiscuous? Yes, and no,depending on who you speak to. Listening to music doesnot drive people to kill, and no proof of such has beenoffered. In f act, one teacher speaks of a student whowore a Metallica shirt everyday to school and wrote lyricswith foul language, but was often seen sitting in thefront row at Sunday mass with his mother in a nice suit. The same people who go out to see Black Sabbath and MotleyCrue are the same people who handle world finance andinternational affairs, it is just their choice in music. .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .postImageUrl , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:hover , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:visited , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:active { border:0!important; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:active , .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017 .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5ef2749437d3cb0933cfc0a8b78cc017:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Picture Of Dorian Gray Argumentative EssayStudies that use music videos on the other hand showan increased tolerance in deviant behavior among bothmales and females. Music videos add reinforcement to whatis being heard with the use of visuals. Now an extrasense is being used. Videos often exhibit sexualinnuendo, acts of aggression, and gender stereotypes. Studies showed that men have a tolerable attitude as towhat is violent and what is too far in sexual advances. Women have less of a tolerance. Studies have also foundthat heavy metal music and gansta rap influence mensattitudes towards women and that increased exposure tovideos containing interpersonal violence agains t womentended to increase mens acceptance of rape myths such asshe was dressing like she wanted it or she brought iton herself. In contrast, womens beliefs decreased andthey felt that men were coming on too strong and being toaggressive. Another study conducted on college campuses in thenorthwestern United States involved men and women watchingvarious music videos and then answering a set of questionsafterwards. One video was The Way You Make Me Feel byMichael Jackson which depicts a man stalking a woman whothen becomes infatuated in his game of pursuit. The otherwas The Stand by REM which only showed the band on-stageplaying instruments. In questions answered after thevideos men said it was necessary to pursue the woman tosuch an extent while women thought it was annoying and/ordisturbing. Men scored higher on a attitudes for sexualovertones, while surprisingly women scored slightly higheron the acceptance of interpersonal violence. The studiesdid conclude that women who were often subjected toviolent music videos were more accepting of violence thanthose who have not had constant viewing or listening tosuch lyrics and images. It also showed that men had agreater acceptance of sexual stereotyping and rape mythsafter being subjected to the videos. Many methods of behavior modification have beensuggested in order to keep this music from causing harm orhurting anyone individuals. Many arguments can be made asto whether the music should be censored or if it isunconstitutional to do. The American Academy ofPediatrics recommends different types of behaviormodification to combat the harmful effects of this music. One such idea is as simple as having parents be aware asto what their children are listening to, and to discussanything they deem objectionable. This would be apositive way to relate emotions to the songs. Anotheridea proposed is labeling of content in compact discs. Itwould be labeled outside as to what the lyrics contained(i.e. language, sex, drugs). It h as also been suggestedthat groups as well as individuals approach recordcompanies, music studies, and artists and ask them toconsider the ramifications of their music on theiraudience and market it accordingly and in a favorablemanner. Ideas have been proposed to set up researchstudies to further investigate the effects of explicitmusic on the behavior of teenagers. One of the mosteffective ideas proposed is as simple as people acceptthat this music is an art form and a means of self-expression and emotional release and treat it as such. Just as with rock and roll and Elvis Presley people willalways find something wrong with the music that otherslisten to.

Medical Billing and Coding(Certified Nursing Assistant) Essay Example

Medical Billing and Coding(Certified Nursing Assistant) Essay When I first entered into the medical field, I became a CNA (Certified Nursing Assistant). I love doing my job because I was able to help others in need. My career that I am taking is about medical billing and coding. you can also work from the comfort of your home. Since I have a disability that prevents me from working my previous career that I was in ,after not working for quite a few years I knew I needed to find a career that I could do and work from my home. This is why I chose medical billing and coding after talking to some of my cousin who was in this field. there are several category within medical billig and coding that I will describe * The definition for Medical code is the transformation descriptions that doctors and health care facility uses to describe healthcare procedures into a numeric or alphanumeric designations. This is a code number that is use to detail the accurately description of a diagnoses (what is wrong with the patient) and the procedures that was preformed to test or to correct these diagnoses. Because medicine is not always an exact science, these codes were developed to indentify all reason a person was seeking healthcare. Coding health related data permits access to health records according to the diagnoses and procedures for use in clinical care, research, and education. Some common use of medical codes in healthcare includes:Indentifying systems that must be evaluated. It also alert other health care professionals about a life threatening allergies. * Reporting services performed for reimbursement * Helping with administrative functions such as staffing, scheduling, and adding or decreasing healthcare services * Comparing facilities and planning for new services in underserved areasMedical Coding Profession  Delivering quality healthcare depends on capturing accurate and timely medical data. Medical coding professionals fulfill this need as key players in the healthcare workplace. The medical coding professional (or coder) is esponsible for translating healthcare pro viders’ diagnostic and procedural phrases into coded form. Coding professionals do this by reviewing and analyzing health records to identify relevant diagnoses and procedures for distinct patient encounters. This translation process requires interaction with the healthcare provider to ensure terms are translated correctly. Coding professionals must possess a thorough understanding of the health record’s content in order to find information to support or provide specificity for coding. We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Billing and Coding(Certified Nursing Assistant) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Billing and Coding(Certified Nursing Assistant) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Medical Billing and Coding(Certified Nursing Assistant) specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Certified medical coders are trained in the anatomy and physiology of the human body and disease processes in order to understand the etiology, pathology, symptoms, signs, diagnostic studies, treatment modalities, and prognosis of diseases and procedures to be coded. The job entails much more than simply locating diagnostic and procedural phrases in the coding manuals or with encoder software. It requires knowledge of disease processes and procedural techniques to consistently apply the correct codes. A medical coding professional works as part of a team to achieve the best quality patient careMedical coding professionals work in a variety of healthcare settings, including inpatient and outpatient healthcare settings and non-provider settings such as third-party payers and healthcare software vendorsTypical medical coding professional job descriptions include * , Hospital outpatient coder   * Hospital inpatient coder * Hospital coding manager * Professional fee coderRelated jobs, employing similar record analysis and coding skills, include: * ,p orhterHIM compliance specialistNationwide, there is a shortage of certified medical coders in hospitals, physician practices, and other healthcare facilities. According to the United States Bureau of Labor, employment of medical record and health information technicians is expected to grow much faster than the average field. Coding Classification Standards  The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) named certain types of organizations as covered entities, including health plans, healthcare clearinghouses, and certain healthcare providers. It also set the standards for the classification systems covered entities must use. Under HIPAA, covered entities must use certain codes to identify specific diagnosis and clinical procedures on claims, encounter forms, and other electronic transactions. : * International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification ICD-9-CM Volumes 1 2 (diagnosis codes) is maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics http://www. cdc. gov/nchs/icd. tm (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control (CDC) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). * International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification ICD-9-CM Volume 3 (procedure codes) is maintained by CMS * Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) (ou tpatient procedure codes) is maintained by the American Medical Association. * Health Care Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS)—This code set, established by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), primarily represents items and supplies and non-physician services not covered by the American Medical Association CPT-4 codes. More information is available on the CMS Web site. International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) is the new diagnosis coding system developed as a replacement for ICD-9-CM, Volume 1 2. International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) is the new procedure coding system developed as a replacement for ICD-9-CM, volume 3. The compliance date for ICD-10-CM for diagnoses and ICD-10-PCS for inpatient hospital procedures is October 1, 2013. More information on ICD-10-CM/PCS. * National Drug Code (NDC)—The NDC is a code that identifies the vendor (manuf acturer), product, and package size of all medications recognized by the FDA. HIPAA also names specific standards for electronic transactions. For example, submitting medical claims Transactions are electronics exchanges involving the transfer of healthcare information between two parties for specific purposes—such as a healthcare provider submitting medical claims to a health plan for payment. HIPAA adopted certain standard transactions for electronic data interchange (EDI) for the transmission of healthcare data. These transactions are: * Claims and encounter information * Payment and remittance advice * Claims status, eligibility, enrollment, and disenrollment * Referrals and authorizations * Premium paymentLearn more about how clinical classifications and clinical terminology systems work together to form the foundation of information content in the electronic health record (EHR). Clinical Terminologies and Vocabularies  Medicine’s complex language is represented in clinical terminology and vocabulary systems. Clinical terminologies represent terms related to the medical field while vocabularies are collections of terms. Both clinical terminologies and vocabularies provide a way to capture detailed data in an electronic health record (EHR). They support the transformation of paper-based to electronic records by providing a machine-readable data structure. Clinical terminologies are considered the input format while classification systems are the output format.

Launching our Reedsy Project Protection

Launching our Reedsy Project Protection Launching our Reedsy Project Protection Establishing a safe place for authors and publishersOur goal with Reedsy since the very beginning has been to create a safe place for authors and publishers to work seamlessly with the best publishing talent. We envisioned a place where they could be certain that every single collaboration would be a success.Although our careful curation process has helped bring about this reality, we wanted to make it more official. That’s why we just released our Reedsy Project Protection  policy, contained within our Terms of Use.  Here is an excerpt:Service Provider Reedsy account should be suspended or terminated for breaching the Terms of Use.Furthermore, both clients (authors, publishers) and service providers (editors, designers, marketers, ghostwriters, etc.) are bound by the  Mandatory Terms  of their  Service Contracts on Reedsy. These relate to the client materials, IP rights, payments, warranties, cancellation periods, confidentiality and data protection. More about it i n section 5. of our Terms of Use.A unique value propositionOf course, we're not the only services company in the publishing industry to offer similar protection and guarantees on projects. A lot of places will claim they have "satisfaction" or "money-back guarantees". What is really powerful about ours, though, is that it applies to a marketplace  - a network of very different individuals. Whoever the author or publisher chooses to work with on Reedsy, we protect their project. You don’t just get safety, you get safety and choice. Why is choice important? If you’re an author, we believe that one of the most crucial steps in your career is finding the right editor. We encourage authors to contact more than one editor on our marketplace, because doing so increases your chances of finding someone with a communication style you understand, someone you really connect with.If you’re a publisher, you will have to work on different books, from different authors, and often across different genres. Because of this, you will likely need different professionals and skill-sets to meet the editorial needs across your list. Reedsy provides you with a wide range of accessible talent and â€Å"insures† your collaboration with every single one of them.Now that you know why we’re doing this, let’s explain why we can.It’s all about curationWe have had over 1,500 collaborations  on the Reedsy platform so far, and only in 1% of the cases have we  had to step in and mediate, or issue a refund as a third party.There is a very simple reason for that: we put in a lot of  work to vet every single professional who applies to our marketplace, and only accept around 2% of applicants. Moreover, once they’re â€Å"in†, we monitor their response rates and activity on the marketplace to make sure they keep up to our standards of responsiveness and professionalism.It’s actually very easy for us to tell you â€Å"you won’t be disappointed† and put our money where our mouth is, because we know our professionals. We’ve hand-picked them ourselves, we know they do a good job.Let us prove it to you. And as always, let us know in the comments if you have any questions.

Biography of Damien Hirst, British Contemporary Artist

Biography of Damien Hirst, British Contemporary Artist Damien Hirst (born June 7, 1965) is a controversial contemporary British artist. He is the best-known member of the Young British Artists, a group that shook up the U.K.s art scene in the 1990s. Some of Hirsts most famous works feature dead animals preserved in formaldehyde. Fast Facts: Damien Hirst Occupation: ArtistKnown For: Key member of the Young British Artists and the creator of controversial, sometimes shocking artwork.Born: June 7, 1965 in Bristol, EnglandEducation: Goldsmiths, University of LondonSelected Works: The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living (1992), For the Love of God (2007)Notable Quote: I was taught to confront things you cant avoid. Death is one of those things. Early Life and Career Damien Hirst (born Damien Steven Brennan) was born in Bristol and grew up in Leeds, England. His mother later described him as a morbid child, interested in grisly and gruesome images of disease and injury. These subjects would later inform some of the artists iconic works. Hirst had several run-ins with the law, including two arrests for shoplifting. He failed numerous other academic subjects, but he succeeded in art and drawing. Damien attended the Jacob Kramer School of Art in Leeds, and in the late 1980s, he studied art at Goldsmiths, University of London. In 1988, in his second year at Goldsmith, Damien Hirst organized an independent student exhibition titled Freeze in an empty London Port Authority building. It was the first significant event organized by a group that would become known as the Young British Artists. The final version of the exhibition included two of Hirsts iconic spot paintings: multicolored spots on white or near-white backgrounds painted by hand with glossy house paint. International Success Damien Hirsts first solo exhibition, In and Out of Love, took place in an empty shop on Woodstock Street in central London in 1991. During that year, he met the Iraqi-British businessman Charles Saatchi, who became a primary patron. Saatchi offered to fund any art that Hirst wanted to create. The result was a work titled The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living. It consisted of a shark preserved in formaldehyde inside in a tank. The piece was part of one of the first Young British Artists exhibitions at the Saatchi Gallery in 1992. As a result of the media attention surrounding the piece, Hirst earned a nomination for the U.K.s Turner Prize for distinguished young artists, but he lost to Grenville Davey. In 1993, Hirsts first major international work at the Venice Biennale was titled Mother and Child Divided. The work included a cow and a calf cut into sections and exhibited in separate tanks. The next year, Hirst exhibited a similar piece: Away from the Flock, which featured a sheep preserved in formaldehyde. During the exhibition, the artist Mark Bridger entered the gallery and poured black ink into the tank, then offered a new title for the work: Black Sheep. Bridger was prosecuted, but at Hirsts request, his sentence was light: two years of probation. In 1995, Damien Hirst won the Turner Prize. In the latter half of the decade, he presented solo shows in Seoul, London, and Salzburg. He also branched out into directing music videos and short films, and he formed the band Fat Les with actor Keith Allen and Alex James of the rock group Blur. By the end of the decade, the Young British Artists, including Hirst, were seen as a key part of the mainstream art scene in the U.K. Later Career On September 10, 2002, the day before the one-year anniversary of the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center terrorist attacks in New York City, Hirst released a statement describing the attacks as kind of like an artwork in its own right. The outrage was quick and severe. A week later, he issued a public apology. After meeting Joe Strummer of the band The Clash in 1995, Damien Hirst became good friends with the guitarist. In late 2002, Strummer died of a heart attack. Hirst stated it had a powerful effect: It was the first time I felt mortal. In March 2005, Hirst exhibited 30 paintings at the Gagosian Gallery in New York. They took over three years to complete and were based on photos taken mostly by assistants but finished by Hirst. In 2006, he introduced the work: A Thousand Years (1990). It contains a life cycle of maggots hatching inside a box, turning into flies, and feeding on a bloody, severed cows head in a glass display case. The case included buzzing live flies, many of which were electrocuted in a device designed to ward off insects. The famed artist Francis Bacon praised A Thousand Years (1990) in a letter to a friend a month before he died. In 2007, Hirst presented the piece For the Love of God, a human skull copied in platinum and studded with over 8,600 diamonds. The only part of the original skull included are the teeth. The price for the work was $100,000,000. No one bought it at the original exhibition, but a consortium that included Hirst himself purchased it in August 2008. Praise and Criticism Damien Hirst has earned praise for drumming up new interest in the arts through his celebrity persona and sense of the dramatic. He helped bring the British art scene back to prominence internationally. His supporters, including his benefactor Saatchi and many other noted artists, say that Hirst is a showman, but that getting the attention of the public is essential. He is sometimes mentioned in the company of 20th-century masters like Andy Warhol and Jackson Pollock. However, detractors question whether there is anything artistic about dead, preserved animals. Brian Sewell, an Evening Standard art critic, said that Hirsts art is no more interesting than a stuffed pike over a pub door. A 2009 Hirst show titled No Love Lost, which featured his paintings, received almost universal criticism. His efforts were described as shockingly bad. Plagiarism Controversy In 2000, designer Norman Emms sued Damien Hirst over the sculpture Hymn, which was a reproduction of the Young Scientist Anatomy Set, designed by Emms and manufactured by Humbrol. Hirst paid an out-of-court settlement to two charities and Emms. In 2007, artist John LeKay, a former friend of Hirst, claimed that the inspiration for many of Hirsts works came from the Carolina Biological Supply Company catalog. He also claimed that the diamond-encrusted skull titled For the Love of God was inspired by LeKays own crystal skull work in 1993. In response to a number of other claims of copyright infringement or outright plagiarism, Hirst said, As a human being, as you go through life, you just do collect. Personal Life Between 1992 and 2012, Hirst lived with his girlfriend, Maia Norman. They have three sons: Connor Ojala, Cassius Atticus, and Cyrus Joe. Hirst is known to spend much of his private time at a farmhouse in Devon, England. He also owns a large compound in Mexico where multiple artists help carry out his projects at his art studio. Source Gallagher, Ann. Damien Hirst. Tate, 2012.

Summary devil's knot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary devil's knot - Essay Example orts are geared towards depicting the rumors for what they are in an attempt to dismiss this urban legend that consumed the lives of six innocent youngsters. When the bodies of three eight year old boys-Steve Branch, Christopher Myers and Michael Moore were found dumped in a stream barely half a mile away from their home, the police were clueless, the people frightened and the town was in shock. After four weeks, the police, by the testimony provided by Jessie Misskelley Jr. a seventeen year old, arrested him and his two friends Damien Echols and Jason Baldwin, charging them with homicide. After a much publicized trial, the trio was pronounced guilty and Baldwin and Misskelley were sentenced to life imprisonment while Echols was put on death row. Leveritt followed the trial from day one and it was clear that the three boys were being put in the dock because they had â€Å"an obsession with heavy metal music†¦.Baldwin had fifteen shirts with the heavy metal thing.† Leveritt’s search for the truth revealed to the world the xenophobia of the small town, and how this is translated into a travesty of justice. The collective moral panic that had gripped the town â€Å"cost at least one innocent youth his life† (Root, 2003) Leveritt, systematically analyses the proof offered and the lack of evidence to show how the police bungled the case and the jury handed out life sentences and death penalties because all were â€Å"blinded by their fantasies about satanic cults† (Ebert). The biggest flaw in the whole case stems from the fact, that the police believed the testimony of Misskelley.Jr. a school dropout with an IQ of 72 and a history of behavioral problems, who implicated himself together with Echols and Baldwin. The police arrested the three without any physical evidence, which was against the law. Apart from that, the scene of the crime had not a drop of blood, while in fact the three children had been brutally killed, and their hands and feet tied together. Since the

STANLEY SPENCER ( OR WHATEVER THE WRITER FEELS IS RIGHT) Essay

STANLEY SPENCER ( OR WHATEVER THE WRITER FEELS IS RIGHT) - Essay Example The Lovers or The Dustman is an outstanding piece of work created by Stanley Spencer in 1934. The piece, which is owned by the Stanley Spencer Estate and is currently on display at the Laing Art Gallery in Newcastle Upon Tyne, is a richly detailed artwork with layers of meaning and depth. Looking at the piece one is drawn into it’s complexity and energy. The superficial experience brings a very defined view of village life. One sees by the nature of the organization of the figures the close knit comfort of those who actively engage in the lives of neighbors. The piece brings a sense of a chaotic moment in the lives of these villagers as they focus on a spectacle and one can see the beginnings of judgment and wonder on their faces. On closer inspection we see that the figures near the bottom are offering gifts of garbage which are according to a critical essay by Don Gray, â€Å"despite Spencers disavowal, ironic substitutes for gold, frankincense and myrrh, a fitting welcome to the new Christ by a non-believing, materialist age.† (Gray) The theme of The Lovers or The Dustman is the resurrection of common workers, specifically garbage men and dustmen. Spencer interpreted this piece by saying â€Å""...The joy of his (the dustmans) bliss is spiritual in his union with his wife who carries him in her arms and experiences the bliss of union with his corduroy trousers...They are gazed at by other reuniting wives of old laborers who are in ecstasy at the contemplation that they are reuniting and are about to enter their homes."(Gray) In this piece one can see a perspective of the female mind as they look on the reunion contemplating their own abilities to survive without these men in their lives. They have been â€Å"doing quite nicely without them thank you†, (Gray) as Gray puts it. One must wonder if this was influenced by Spencer’s relationship with Patricia Preece who was in turn involved in a

Slang Case Study Essay Example for Free

Slang Case Study Essay Words are a part of our daily lives. With words we can communicate with others and evoke our feelings. But not every word has the same meaning in various regions of the world. Words just like humans are shaped by the location and culture that they are introduced to. This is what makes slang words interesting. Depending on where you live, a slang word can have a completely different meaning. For this assignment I will define the slang word â€Å"swag.† I’ll be discussing the modern meaning, etymology, and correct usage. Swag is a common noun used today, mostly among teenagers. The word is used to describe a certain type of clothing that teenagers wear. The clothing resembles the style of modern hip-hop artists such as Lil Wayne, Big Sean, and Drake. The word can also be used to show off cool acts that teenagers perform. Like after jumping of a building, I cool kid would say something like â€Å"Bro, you can’t touch my swag!† According to urban dictionary â€Å"swag† is the â€Å"most used word in the world and is a word used to represent yourself based on the way you dress.† Swag has different meanings throughout the world. In Australia the term â€Å"swag† is used to refer to the dangling luggage that a homeless man carries. â€Å"Swag† is also used to describe home items such as â€Å"swag lamps† and â€Å"swag curtains†, which are basically dangling versions of the original lamp and curtains (Snopes). In America, many relate the word â€Å"swag† to â€Å"sway† which describes a certain motion of a bold, arrogant, and conceited person. So I think based on this information it’s easy to say that the word â€Å"swag† was introduced through old hip-hop, where loose clothing and sagging was the fashion and now has evolved through modern hip-hop to accommodate the newer fashion. The most common misconception about the word â€Å"swag† is that it’s often misunderstood as an acronym. Many people think that â€Å"swag† is an acronym for â€Å"Secretly We Are Gay†. The exact origin of the word â€Å"swag† is still a mystery. Some believe the first written usage of the word â€Å"swag† was first written by a Gilbertine Monk named Robert Mannyng in 1303. Mannyng in his poem says â€Å"there was a wycche, and made a bagge, A bely of lepyr, a grete swagge†. In this poem Mannyng refers to â€Å"swagge† as a bag. According to Oxford dictionary, â€Å"swag† is a verb derives from the Scandinavian word â€Å"svagga† which means to rock unsteadily or lurch. This idea is widely accepted due to the fact that â€Å"swag† sounds like it originated from the word â€Å"swagger†, which also means to sway. The word is said to have entered the English language around the 13th century meaning â€Å"hanging loosely† (Snopes). Other meanings of â€Å"swag† also include a sinkhole used to collect water, a shop that sold stolen goods, or stolen loots by either pirates or criminals. Some also say that â€Å"swag† was used in old English movies to describe criminal loots, leading to false accusations of acronyms such as â€Å"Stolen Without A Gun†, â€Å"Sold Without A Guarantee†, and â€Å"Souvenirs Wearable’s And Gifts†. Based on this it’s easy to connect â€Å"swag† to older or underground hip-hop where loose clothes and stealing was a common motto. The correct usage of the word â€Å"swag† is hard to define just because it’s a slang word and there is no exact definition. According to our culture and society, I would say â€Å"swag† is a term used to describe a person’s clothing and a part of his personality. It’s easy to infer a person’s personality by looking at his clothing. Different people have different personalities and some of it is shown through their dressing. This freedom of expression can show a person’s values, beliefs, and culture. So, in a sense a person’s â€Å"swag† can portray his character. â€Å"Swag† usually has a negative connotation due to the over usage of the word in the rap industry, but in my opinion â€Å"swag† is a general term that can be used by anyone. Just like the words â€Å"Boom, Whack, Blop, and Kaboom†, swag can be used at the end of a sentence to add emphasis and humor. In conclusion, â€Å"swag† is an old word that has its own history but has evolved through human influence to have a completely different meaning throughout different parts of the world. Even though the overuse of the word has completely dried its value, â€Å"swag† still has an interesting origin and is fun to use. Just like other words, slang words are interesting because they are influenced by human culture and society and change accordingly as time moves on. Today â€Å"swag† has a different meaning than what it originally was used for. So we can only imagine wh at â€Å"swag† would mean in the future. Work Cited Swag. Snopes.com: Etymology of Swag. N.p., 26 Sept. 2012. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. Geyer, Jessica. Swag: An Etymology. YouTube. 03 May 2012. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. Urban Dictionary: Swag. Urban Dictionary. N.p., July 2012. Web. 31 Jan. 2013.

Human Cloning Should be Illegal :: Opposing Perspective Essays

Human Cloning Should be Illegal Can you imagine a world where everyone looked the same and had the same DNA? This could become true due to the advances in science in the field of cloning. We are coming into an age where scientists have started cloning non-human mammals as well as fish. Soon, they will want to start cloning humans. Since human cloning is so dangerous, unethical, and too expensive for reproductive purposes, it should be illegal. Human cloning is dangerous. It is estimated that between 95 and 98 percent of cloning experiments have failed (Genetics and Society). These downfalls to cloning are in the form of miscarriages and stillbirths (Genetics and Society). Cloned human beings also run the risk of having severe genetic abnormalities. Children cloned from adult DNA would, in a sense, already have â€Å"old† genes. These children’s main problem would be developing and growing old too quickly. This includes arthritis, appearance, and organ function. Since the chance of having a child with mental and physical problems is so much higher than that of a normally conceived child, cloning should be illegal. Human cloning is also unethical. Cloning, especially therapeutic cloning, requires the use of human embryos. Using these embryos would mean killing unborn children. Therapeutic cloning begins by removing the stem cells from an embryo (Human Cloning). The stem cells are used to grow bone, nerve, and muscle tissue. In the process of therapeutic cloning, an embryo, or a baby in the early stages of development, is taken and parts of it are grown to develop parts of the body including organs and limbs (Human Cloning). Removing these stem cells would kill the embryo. The embryo, which would result in a child if left in the mother’s womb, is separated into parts, which are used for science. Finally, human cloning for reproductive purposes is too expensive. The cost to clone one human could be more than $100,000 (Herper). That is extremely high considering the cost of in vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization costs between $3,500 and $25,000 depending on the procedure (Advanced Fertility Services). If someone could not become pregnant it is much more likely that they would chose to use fertilization and be guaranteed a healthy, normal child rather than spend the money to clone a child that could have defects. With fertilization costing only one fourth of cloning, why would someone choose to clone?

Definition of Groupthink. Retrieved from Essay

I have always had a different idea of what groupthink really means, to me I thought of it as a bad idea from someone amongst a group of people that had not been voiced seemingly because the person having this thought lacks confidence or backing. More like trying to proof to your business partners that an idea of using an outdated tactic to target a young crowd is not the best idea In its own definition Wikipedia(2013) describes groupthink as a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people, in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an incorrect or deviant decision- making outcome, whereas it can also be viewed as the practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. All different versions of what it is but also giving a detailed well round idea and description. Good examples of groupthink situations as studied by Janis in the book â€Å"fiascoes† are such as the United States government failure to anticipate the Pearl Harbor attacks, the Bay of Pigs invasion, the escalation of Vietnam War, and the ill-fated hostage rescue in Iran (Janis,1972) Some recent past examples of groupthink would be in the hastened decision making of the Bush administration and Congress to pursue an invasion of Iraq based on a policy of â€Å"preemptive use of military force against terrorists and rogue nations.† It is definitely an undeniable fact that groupthink has been a large part of decision making in the United States government for a long time. As we speak, arguably the best current example of groupthink that the American government is facing is the Obama Care. This is so because some might see it as a majority of democrat leaders refusing to see or identify with different ideas that are outside theirs, thus leading to what psychologist consider as a mental deficiency commonly known as groupthink. â€Å"Groups affected by groupthink ignore alternatives and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other groups† (Janis, 1972). I found it rather interesting reading the article by the net advisor to bring out reasons as to why the Obama care was created under the influence of groupthink. The net advisor article reads â€Å"the patient protection and affordable care act or â€Å"Obama Care† was passed by majority of the then Democratic House. The house leadership under Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) refused to allow the US senate of any party to even consider debating, let alone voting on Obama care. The house by passed the entire U.S. senate by using a controversial self-executing rule or â€Å"deem and pass† procedure then quickly sent it to president Obama to sign†(Net advisor). This brings out the question, what if the Democratic Party had not made such an irrational decision to pass the Obama Care, would it have made any difference in the case of the government shutdown. Since the main reason that led to most of the republican members to oppose raising the debt ceiling that would have prevented the government from shutting down was primarily a disagreement in the Obama care. This is arguable in both sides since the republican party might also have made a groupthink decision to prevent the Obama care under any circumstances, leading to a government shutdown that has dented the government debt even more, ironically an issue that they (republican party) are trying to avoid with the Obama care. The united states is established in two well defined parties and many are the times that the conflicting views from each party, makes it harder to make any decisions or view the others opinion. Hopefully in the future the decisions from our leaders can be viewed in a more universal dimension, thus the administrators of our president can challenge each other to eliminate groupthink. References Janis, I (1972, Victims of groupthink (1st edition ed) retrieved from http:// leadership theory 3450.blogspot.com Obama care is an example of Groupthink gone wrong. Retrieved from http://netadvisor.org/2013/09/26. Definition of Groupthink. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupthink

Close reading for George Elliott Clarke’s Negation Essay

The poem’s heading ‘Negation’ is rounded about the fact that the author is taking new path in the poetry description by trying to etch out a new identity for oneself but this is continuously difficult for time and again there is a distinction between white and blackness; commonly referred to as racial gratification. The definition of the word negation also speaks volume about the difficulty being experienced by the author as the inability to accept something that already exists. Ideally, form is one of the most fundamental aspects that are easily notable about poems. It is evident that the poem is presented as a lyric with fourteen lines but goes against the norm of rhyme schemes and adopts the iambic pentameter blank sonnet style where each line of the poem is divided into ten syllablesCITATION Mab00 p 52 l 1033 (Mabillard 52). The syllables in each line are divided into iambic feet which are attuned to the idea that a stressed syllable is followed by an unstressed syllable for instance; Na and Sty to form nasty as expressed in the poem. The initial twelve lines of Negation bring to line the issue of racial identity and prejudice as the dominating factor that George Elliott seeks to attend to. He reflects on Shakespeare’s character Caliban in The Tempest who he describes in rather harsh words as being, â€Å"(Slick black bastard – cannibal-sucking back Licorice-lusty, fifty-proof whisky),† this is just representational of the authors di sgustCITATION Lan01 p 13 l 1033 (Lancashire 13). However, in the final two lines of ‘Negation’ i.e. the couplet, the author comes out in support of black revolution by resolving his previous stand; a classical representation of couplets where an author resonates on his sentiments in the first three quatrains of the poem. With specific interest is Frantz Fanon’s work the Black skin, White masks illustrates George Elliott’s sentiments in negation as being a global problem with whites continuously despising blacks in their speech and literacy writings; reference can be made to line nine of the negation poem that points out blacks as, â€Å"Nasty, Nofaskoshan negro, I mean..† and goes on to the next two linesCITATION Cla08 p 33 l 1033 (Clarke 33). The writing Nofaskoshan is in black dialect which generalizes the people of Neva Scotia a province in Canada with inhabitants of African descent. In Black Skin, White Masks, Fanon also mirrors the same but in defense of the black race. He refutes with the lin es, â€Å"Dirty nigger!’ Or simply, ‘Look, a Negro!’ // I came into the world imbued with the will to find a meaning in things, my spirit filled with the desire to attain to the source of the world, and then I found that I was an object in the midst of other objects. // sealed into that crushing object hoodCITATION Fan52 p 109 l 1033 (Fanon 109).† Looking at Fanon’s sentiments, we see the depiction of blacks as subjects of the whites, most interesting is the inability of blacks to identify themselves as subjects and merely objects of service to the white, they are constantly in push to break away from the old york. Notice in the last two line stanza (couplet), the author is still in struggle with where his real stand is, this two-line stanza of a blank sonnet is usually meant to resolve the recurring theme in the previous stanzas but in this case author make a reference to the second person ‘you’ depicting the debate that even though he agrees to the fact that change in black perception is evident he still has not fully accepted this fact. References Clarke, George Elliott. Blues and Bliss . New York : Waterloo: , 2008. Fanon, Frantz. Black Skin, White Masks . Atlanta : Grove Press , 1952. Lancashire, Ian. Blue . Vancouver : Polestar Books , 2001. Mabillard, Amanda. Shakespearean Sonnet Basics . New York : Barnes & Noble , 2000. Source document

The Father of American Terrori Essay Example

The Father of American Terrori Essay Example The Father of American Terrori Essay The Father of American Terrori Essay A Critique of the Article on John Brown, The Father of American Terrorism On December 2, 1859, John Brown, dressed in a black coat, black pants, black vest, and black slouch hat, was riding to what would be his execution spot.He handed the jailer a note.It read: I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty, land will never be purged away; but with blood.I hadvainly flattered myself that without much bloodshed; it might be done.John Brown was sitting on his coffin and commented on the beautiful landscape of Virginia.In 1859, America was a place where men and women were willing to die for their beliefs and slavery was the main issue.John Brown was violent but he was also a Christian.Slave owners hated him and abolitionists thought he had become the embodiment of all that was noble and courageous.John Brown had failed his whole life but was now succeeding.Browns prophecy divided the nation.America was headed for war. The scaffold on which John Brown was hung had be en built in Charlestown, Virginia.Robert E. Lee ordered fifteen hundred soldiers to watch so that there would not be a rescue attempt; however, one actor borrowed a uniform so that he could watch Brown die.The crowd was made up of such noteworthy people as John Wilkes Booth and Stonewall Jackson whom called Brown a traitor and terrorizer.The rope was eventually cut and Brown fell through helplessly and eventually resting.So perish all such enemies of Virginia, Colonel J.T.L Preston chanted.Church bells began to ring and cannon balls were shot in salute of Brown.Henry David Thoreau remarked on the resemblance between the crucifixion of Christ and that of John Brown saying that he is the angel of light. Brown was a tanner, shepherd, and farmer.He was a simple man but his actions were to be studied for years after his life.John Brow

Leedsichthys - Facts and Figures

Leedsichthys - Facts and Figures Name: Leedsichthys (Greek for Leeds fish); pronounced leeds-ICK-thissHabitat: Oceans worldwideHistorical Period: Middle-Late Jurassic (189-144 million years ago)Size and Weight: 30 to 70 feet long and five to 50 tonsDiet: PlanktonDistinguishing Characteristics: Large size; semi-cartilaginous skeleton; thousands of teeth About Leedsichthys The last (i.e., species) name of Leedsichthys is problematicus, which should give you some clue about the controversy occasioned by this gigantic prehistoric fish. The problem is that, although Leedsichthys is known from dozens of fossil remains from around the world, these specimens dont consistently add up to a convincing snapshot, leading to grossly divergent size estimates: more conservative paleontologists venture guesses of about 30 feet long and 5 to 10 tons, while others maintain that superannuated Leedsichthys adults could attain lengths of over 70 feet and weights of over 50 tons. Were on much firmer ground when it comes to Leedsichthys feeding habits. This Jurassic fish was equipped with a whopping 40,000 teeth, which it used not to prey on the larger fish and marine reptiles of its day, but to filter-feed plankton (much like a modern Blue Whale). By opening its mouth extra-wide, Leedsichthys could gulp in hundreds of gallons of water every second, more than enough to cover its outsized dietary needs. As with many prehistoric animals discovered in the 19th century, the fossils of Leedsichthys were an ongoing source of confusion (and competition). When the farmer Alfred Nicholson Leeds discovered the bones in a loam pit near Peterborough, England, in 1886, he forwarded them to a fellow fossil hunter, who misidentified them as the back plates of a stegosaur dinosaur. The next year, during a trip overseas, the eminent American paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh correctly diagnosed the remains as belonging to a giant prehistoric fish, at which point Leeds made a brief career of excavating additional fossils and selling them to natural history museums. One little-appreciated fact about Leedsichthys is that its the earliest identified filter-feeding marine animal, a category that also includes prehistoric whales, to attain giant sizes. Clearly, there was an explosion in plankton populations during the early Jurassic period, which fueled the evolution of fish like Leedsichthys, and just as clearly this giant filter-feeder went extinct when krill populations mysteriously plunged at the cusp of the ensuing Cretaceous period.

Victimless Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Victimless - Essay Example The new skills required for this method includes working with local residents as partners in working out problems, making presentations to community groups, and involving other public and nonprofit organizations in community development efforts. Rohe, Adams and Arcury (1) stated that Community Oriented Policing â€Å"promises lower crime rates, reduced fear of crime, better coordination with other city and county agencies, and improved police/community relations.† As such, this method of organizational policing can also be applied for victimless crimes. Hess and Wrobleski, the authors of â€Å"Police Operations†, maintained that the role of the law should be limited particularly in dealing with victimless crimes since the category of the said crimes is a misnomer. This paper aims to identify and discuss the notion of victimless crimes and evaluate the behavior in terms of wrongfulness and the proper role for the law related to Community Oriented Policing. The reasons behind the creation of Community Oriented Policing were the rising crime rate and the ineptitude of conservative police methods during the late 1960’s such as concerns about racial conflicts, riots, civil right demonstrations and other crimes. According to Mirsky (1), â€Å"The design of community policing is to entail a more open relationship between the police and the public which gives the police a more proactive role in the community.† This new policing approach allows the neighborhoods to strengthen its capacity in helping by sharing the accountability for crime prevention and crime trepidation with the police. Meier and Geis (42) also maintain that building the competence of social institutions is essential in order to empower citizens to engage in and guard their own communities. Hence, community justice deduces that all communities have a liability to exercise social control to its residents. Among

Evaluation of CAPM using American stock market data Dissertation

Evaluation of CAPM using American stock market data - Dissertation Example So investors prefer to choose mean-variance-efficient portfolios that would either minimize variance with a given expected return or would maximize expected return given variance. Thus, CAPM is a theory that defines the relationship between risk and the expected return of a security or a portfolio of securities. The theory is based on the assumption that the security market is generally composed of risk-averse investors and the type of investors who prefer and will to take more risk only when they expect to earn a higher return in commensuration with that risk. The return from an asset varies through successive periods and an asset which has a fluctuating return is considered to have greater risk. So, the tendency of investors is to diversify their investment portfolio so that they could minimize the effect of risk volatility, i.e. the unsystematic risk attached to the portfolio. Thus due to diversification only market related or systematic risk is relevant in the risk-return trade-o ff. The portion of risk volatility which is systematic, i.e. measured by the extent to which return varies with respect to the overall market, is measured by the parameter ? (Beta). Beta is a measure of risk contributed by individual securities to a well-diversified portfolio, and measured by- rA = return of the asset rM = Return of the market ?2M = variance of the return of the market cov(rA, rM) = covariance between the return of the asset and the return of the market. Beta is calculated with the help of historical returns for both the asset and the market. Assumptions of CAPM The assumptions of CAPM are- Investors in the market are concerned only about the expected return and the volatility of risk involved with their investment All investors have homogeneous idea about the concept of risk and return associated with an investment. Systematic risk factor is common to a broad-based market portfolio as systematic risk brings volatility which is non-diversifiable. So, if a securities beta can be identified, then the expected return from that security can be calculated. Economic Rationale behind CAPM and its Consistency with the regulatory and the economic standards The relationship in risk and return in CAPM is measured using- Where, Rt = the expected return on a security or a portfolio Rf = Risk-free rate of return ?i = Beta of the security or portfolio i Rm = expected return on the equity market performance The rationale behind the CAPM equation is to persuade the investors to shift their money from riskless assets to risky assets such as equity security. The usefulness of CAPM lies in the measurement of the expected return premium appropriate for an investment with respect to the risk involved relative to the market index risk. The economic explanation of the equation brings out that how risk-free rate of return (Rf) and market-wide risk premium (Rm- Rf) aid to persuade investors from investment in risk-free securities to risky securities.

Managing Schools Corporate Image - a Case Study in University Essay

Managing Schools Corporate Image - a Case Study in University - Essay Example Just as any other corporations present in the community, pedagogical institutions are not exempted from this common situation in the community. It is necessary for educational institutions to project a good image and identity towards the community since they are considered responsible in shaping the future of every nation. As simple as these two ideas may seem yet in reality, this is one of the most difficult and the most complex challenges that a business may face that concerns management these days. In order to address this challenge, every organization must understand and recognize the importance of corporate image and identity. (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 4) In order to make sure that the company is developing the reputation it seeks from the community, the need for perfectly aligning these two elements - corporate image and corporate identity, is held necessary furthermore considered to be the only way of attaining such expectations. (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 2 & 5) "Identity goes to the heart of how a company creates value in the marketplace and in the financial markets. In a nutshell, that is the very essence of image management". This key element in building the reputation of the organization includes the organization's purpose, its vision, its strategy and its business objectives. " (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 2, 5 & 6) As a whole, corporate identity consists of all its products and services, as well as how its people behave that is projected through the shared values of the organization and its employees. Corporate identity digs deeper as to the process and the ways in which the company creates its own value in the community where it markets its products and services. (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 2, 5 & 6) On the other hand, corporate image has to do something with the people who had availed of the corporation's products and services, their impressions and associations towards the corporation as perceived through their experiences with the company. Generally, these impressions and association that the consumers have developed within themselves can however be controlled by the corporation. Everything that the consumers have to go through is capable of being controlled by the corporation to a greater or lesser degree. This "may include the tone and manner of its employees, its pricing structure, the quality of its customer service, the publicity it receives from the media, its social responsiveness and its activities in the community". (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 7) It is and has been conceptualized largely in terms of the visual aspect it projects to the people. In business management studies, they also suggest that image is determined mostly by the organization and is presented to the employees in both verbal and visual form. (qtd in Moffit & Williams, 1997) Managing effectively the corporate image and identity is considered as the only way of building the desired reputation of the corporation towards its target consumers. (http://www.lippincottmercer.com/insights/a_roberts03.shtml, para 7) Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd) - A Case Study Pedagogical institutions, unlike any other corporations, have a more challenging management strategy

Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction Relationship

Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction Relationship The distinction between service quality and satisfaction was initially unclear in literature (Anderson and Fornell, 1994). There was considerable debate whether service quality is a cause of satisfaction (Cronin and Taylor, 1992; Parasuraman et al., 1985) or a consequence of satisfaction (Bitner, 1990; Bolton and Drew, 1991). Anderson and Fornell, (1994) contend that Satisfaction is a post consumption experience which compares perceived quality with expected quality, as contrasted to service quality which Parasuraman et al., (1985) refererred to as a â€Å"global evaluation of a firms service delivery system† . In support of this distiction the works of (Brady and Robertson, 2001; Cronin and Taylor, 1992; Frazer Winsted, 2000; Spreng and Mackoy, 1996) lead us to believe that satisfaction and service quality are distinct constructs and, that service quality is an antecedent of the broader concept of customer satisfaction. An accepted view is that the essential determinant of satisfaction is the confirmation/disconfirmation of pre-consumption product standards (Erevelles and Leavitt 1992; Oliver 1996). Several different comparison standards-each exclusively tied to positively aspects of product features and their implications for consumers-have been used in past research. By far the most common are predictive expectations of attribute performance, as incorporated in the expectations-dis-confirmation (ED) model of satisfaction response (Boulding et al. 1993; Oliver 1996; Tse and Wilton 1988). Desires based on features and benefits that are considered ideal or aspirational in the product domain have also been recommended (Westbrook and Reilly 1983). Other models use equity expectations based on what the consumer believes reasonably should occur given the product/service price (Oliver and Swan 1989) and experience-based norms de-rived from personal experiences or information received (Cadotte, Woodruff, and Jenkins 1987). Although these four types of comparison standards reflect the four principal satisfaction models articulated within the CS paradigm, past researchers probably have overemphasized the significance of predictive expectations and the ED model (Cadotte, Woodruff, and Jenkins 1987). lacobucci, Grayson, and Ostrom (1994) recently called for research into conditions that determine the use of certain standards over others and the possibility of multiple simultaneous standards, and new empirical work has begun to support these ideas (Spreng, MacKenzie, and Olshavsky 1996). A few CS paradigm researchers have gone beyond these cognitively toned model formulations to consider the affective nature of satisfaction (Oliver 1996; Westbrook 1987). Perhaps most intriguing is Olivers (1989) suggestion that there exist five different modes or prototypes of satisfaction: contentment (with its primary affect of acceptance or tolerance), pleasure (a positive reinforcement state that involves the evocation or enhancement of a positive, well-liked experience and a primary affect of happiness), relief (a negative reinforcement state occurring when an aversive state is removed), novelty (expectations of the unexpected that yield a primary affect of interest or excitation), and surprise (a primary affect of either delight or outrage as occurs when the product performs outside the range of expectations). Empirical examination of these modes has just begun, with initial results indicating a more parsimonious structure than originally proposed (Oliver 1996). Although satisfaction has been conceptualized in terms of either a single transaction (i.e., an evaluative judgment following the purchase occasion) or a series of interactions with a product over time, Anderson and Fornell (1994) note that nearly all satisfaction research has adopted the former, transaction-specific view. Indeed, several observers have chastised the marketing field for treating satisfaction as a static evaluation derived from a lone trial event, noting that comparison standards are likely to change with consumer experience (Iacobucci, Grayson, and Ostrom 1994). Among the few satisfaction studies that have adopted longitudinal designs, most remain wedded to the CS paradigm (e.g., Bolton and Drew 1991; LaBarbera and Mazursky 1983; Richins and Bloch 1991). References Cronin, J.J. and Taylor, S.A. (1992), Measuring service quality: a re-examination and extension, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 56, July, pp. 55-68. Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A. and Berry, L.L. (1985), A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 49, Fall, pp. 41-50. Bitner, M.J. (1990), Evaluating service encounters: the effects of physical surroundings and employee responses, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, April, pp. 69-82. Bolton, R.N. and Drew, J.H. (1991), A multistage model of customers assessments of service quality and value, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 17, March, pp. 275-84. Brady, M.K. and Robertson, C.J. (2001), â€Å"Searching for a consensus on the antecedent role of service quality and satisfaction: an exploratory cross-national study†, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 51, January, pp. 53-9. Frazer Winsted, K. (2000), â€Å"Service behaviors that lead to satisfied customers†, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 34 Nos 4/3, pp. 399-417. Spreng, R.A. and Mackoy, R.D. (1996), â€Å"An empirical examination of a model of perceived service quality and satisfaction†, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 72 No. 2, pp. 201-14. Anderson, E.W., Fornell, C. (1994), A customer satisfaction research prospectus, in ust, R.T., Oliver, R.L. (Eds),Service Quality: New Directions in Theory and Practice, pp.241-68.. Yi (1990) conceptualizes satisfaction as an attitude-like judgment following a purchase act or based on a series of consumer-product interactions.

Eminem and Urban Nightmare :: essays research papers

Alex Radovanovic uses some very successful persuasive writing in his article Eminem: an urban nightmare. He represents his views vividly with acute detail of his point of view on the issues. His main contention in the article is that Eminem the more he is ignored will not go away and the issues of violence, racism and sexism will fester in the minds of our youths. Alex’s opinion of Eminem songs and lyrics are as he refers to ‘make me uncomfortable – some of them are downright repulsive†. This use of strong persuasive language portrays to the reader that he thinks Eminem is not someone to be admired and that his lyrics are not peaceful but despicable and unacceptable. Examining the phrase â€Å"downright repulsive†, you really understand the intent of his words to make the reader see through Eminem as just a Rapper to the hate filled mind of a disturbed person. He obviously does not like Eminem or appreciate his music for any purposes. Eminem’s singing as Alex describes as a â€Å"schizophrenic rant† relates to Eminems own confusion with his personality. I think Radovanovic is trying to persuade the reader that Eminems singing is away of portraying his deeper emotions about his upbringing and life. It also elaborates into the use of his offensive swearing and obscene language about the discrimination of homosexuals and women. Analysing the phrase â€Å"A lot of kids are being bombarded by a plethora of conflicting messages†, you come to understand the ingeniousness of the writer’s ability to captivate the reader in imagining kids being swamped with numerous messages. It is a very good piece of persuasive writing because it influences the audience to believe something must be done right away and educate

Carl Jung Theory

Jung's theory divides the psyche into three parts. The first is the ego, which Jung identifies with the conscious mind. Closely related is the personal unconscious, which includes anything that is not presently conscious, but can be. The personal unconscious is like most people's understanding of the unconscious in that it includes both memories that are easily brought to mind and those that have been suppressed for some reason. But it does not include the instincts that Freud would have it include. But then Jung adds the part of the psyche that makes his theory stand out from all others: the collective unconscious. You could call it your â€Å"psychic inheritance. † It is the reservoir of our experiences as a species, a kind of knowledge we are all born with. And yet we can never be directly conscious of it. It influences all of our experiences and behaviors, most especially the emotional ones, but we only know about it indirectly, by looking at those influences. There are some experiences that show the effects of the collective unconscious more clearly than others: The experiences of love at first sight, of deja vu (the feeling that you've been here before), and the immediate recognition of certain symbols and the meanings of certain myths, could all be understood as the sudden conjunction of our outer reality and the inner reality of the collective unconscious. Grander examples are the creative experiences shared by artists and musicians all over the world and in all times, or the spiritual experiences of mystics of all religions, or the parallels in dreams, fantasies, mythologies, fairy tales, and literature. A nice example that has been greatly discussed recently is the near-death experience. It seems that many people, of many different cultural backgrounds, find that they have very similar recollections when they are brought back from a close encounter with death. They speak of leaving their bodies, seeing their bodies and the events surrounding them clearly, of being pulled through a long tunnel towards a bright light, of seeing deceased relatives or religious figures waiting for them, and of their disappointment at having to leave this happy scene to return to their bodies. Perhaps we are all â€Å"built† to experience death in this fashion. Archetypes The contents of the collective unconscious are called archetypes. Jung also called them dominants, imagos, mythological or primordial images, and a few other names, but archetypes seem to have won out over these. An archetype is an unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way. The archetype has no form of its own, but it acts as an â€Å"organizing principle† on the things we see or do. It works the way that instincts work in Freud's theory: At first, the baby just wants something to eat, without knowing what it wants. It has a rather indefinite yearning, which, nevertheless, can be satisfied by some things and not by others. Later, with experience, the child begins to yearn for something more specific when it is hungry — a bottle, a cookie, a broiled lobster, a slice of New York style pizza. The archetype is like a black hole in space: You only know its there by how it draws matter and light to itself. The mother archetype The mother archetype is a particularly good example. All of our ancestors had mothers. We have evolved in an environment that included a mother or mother-substitute. We would never have survived without our connection with a nurturing-one during our times as helpless infants. It stands to reason that we are â€Å"built† in a way that reflects that evolutionary environment: We come into this world ready to want mother, to seek her, to recognize her, to deal with her. So the mother archetype is our built-in ability to recognize a certain relationship, that of â€Å"mothering. † Jung says that this is rather abstract, and we are likely to project the archetype out into the world and onto a particular person, usually our own mothers. Even when an archetype doesn't have a particular real person available, we tend to personify the archetype, that is, turn it into a mythological â€Å"story-book† character. This character symbolizes the archetype. The mother archetype is symbolized by the primordial mother or â€Å"earth mother† of mythology, by Eve and Mary in western traditions, and by less personal symbols such as the church, the nation, a forest, or the ocean. According to Jung, someone whose own mother failed to satisfy the demands of the archetype may well be one that spends his or her life seeking comfort in the church, or in identification with â€Å"the motherland,† or in meditating upon the figure of Mary, or in a life at sea. Mana You must understand that these archetypes are not really biological things, like Freud's instincts. They are more spiritual demands. For example, if you dreamt about long things, Freud might suggest these things represent the phallus and ultimately sex. But Jung might have a very different interpretation. Even dreaming quite specifically about a penis might not have much to do with some unfulfilled need for sex. It is curious that in primitive societies, phallic symbols do not usually refer to sex at all. They usually symbolize mana, or spiritual power. These symbols would be displayed on occasions when the spirits are being called upon to increase the yield of corn, or fish, or to heal someone. The connection between the penis and strength, between semen and seed, between fertilization and fertility are understood by most cultures. The shadow Sex and the life instincts in general are, of course, represented somewhere in Jung's system. They are a part of an archetype called the shadow. It derives from our prehuman, animal past, when our concerns were limited to survival and reproduction, and when we weren't self-conscious. It is the â€Å"dark side† of the ego, and the evil that we are capable of is often stored there. Actually, the shadow is amoral — neither good nor bad, just like animals. An animal is capable of tender care for its young and vicious killing for food, but it doesn't choose to do either. It just does what it does. It is â€Å"innocent. † But from our human perspective, the animal world looks rather brutal, inhuman, so the shadow becomes something of a garbage can for the parts of ourselves that we can't quite admit to. Symbols of the shadow include the snake (as in the garden of Eden), the dragon, monsters, and demons. It often guards the entrance to a cave or a pool of water, which is the collective unconscious. Next time you dream about wrestling with the devil, it may only be yourself you are wrestling with! The persona The persona represents your public image. The word is, obviously, related to the word person and personality, and comes from a Latin word for mask. So the persona is the mask you put on before you show yourself to the outside world. Although it begins as an archetype, by the time we are finished realizing it, it is the part of us most distant from the collective unconscious. At its best, it is just the â€Å"good impression† we all wish to present as we fill the roles society requires of us. But, of course, it can also be the â€Å"false impression† we use to manipulate people's opinions and behaviors. And, at its worst, it can be mistaken, even by ourselves, for our true nature: Sometimes we believe we really are what we pretend to be! Anima and animus A part of our persona is the role of male or female we must play. For most people that role is determined by their physical gender. But Jung, like Freud and Adler and others, felt that we are all really bisexual in nature. When we begin our lives as fetuses, we have undifferentiated sex organs that only gradually, under the influence of hormones, become male or female. Likewise, when we begin our social lives as infants, we are neither male nor female in the social sense. Almost immediately — as soon as those pink or blue booties go on — we come under the influence of society, which gradually molds us into men and women. In all societies, the expectations placed on men and women differ, usually based on our different roles in reproduction, but often involving many details that are purely traditional. In our society today, we still have many remnants of these traditional expectations. Women are still expected to be more nurturant and less aggressive; men are still expected to be strong and to ignore the emotional side of life. But Jung felt these expectations meant that we had developed only half of our potential. The anima is the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men, and the animus is the male aspect present in the collective unconscious of women. Together, they are referred to as syzygy. The anima may be personified as a young girl, very spontaneous and intuitive, or as a witch, or as the earth mother. It is likely to be associated with deep emotionality and the force of life itself. The animus may be personified as a wise old man, a sorcerer, or often a number of males, and tends to be logical, often rationalistic, and even argumentative. The anima or animus is the archetype through which you communicate with the collective unconscious generally, and it is important to get into touch with it. It is also the archetype that is responsible for much of our love life: We are, as an ancient Greek myth suggests, always looking for our other alf, the half that the Gods took from us, in members of the opposite sex. When we fall in love at first sight, then we have found someone that â€Å"fills† our anima or animus archetype particularly well! Other archetypes Jung said that there is no fixed number of archetypes that we could simply list and memorize. They overlap and easily melt into each other as needed, and their logic is not the usual kind. But here are some he mentions: Beside s mother, their are other family archetypes. Obviously, there is father, who is often symbolized by a guide or an authority figure. There is also the archetype family, which represents the idea of blood relationship and ties that run deeper than those based on conscious reasons. There is also the child, represented in mythology and art by children, infants most especially, as well as other small creatures. The Christ child celebrated at Christmas is a manifestation of the child archetype, and represents the future, becoming, rebirth, and salvation. Curiously, Christmas falls during the winter solstice, which in northern primitive cultures also represents the future and rebirth. People used to light bonfires and perform ceremonies to encourage the sun's return to them. The child archetype often blends with other archetypes to form the child-god, or the child-hero. Many archetypes are story characters. The hero is one of the main ones. He is the mana personality and the defeater of evil dragons. Basically, he represents the ego — we do tend to identify with the hero of the story — and is often engaged in fighting the shadow, in the form of dragons and other monsters. The hero is, however, often dumb as a post. He is, after all, ignorant of the ways of the collective unconscious. Luke Skywalker, in the Star Wars films, is the perfect example of a hero. The hero is often out to rescue the maiden. She represents purity, innocence, and, in all likelihood, naivete. In the beginning of the Star Wars story, Princess Leia is the maiden. But, as the story progresses, she becomes the anima, discovering the powers of the force — the collective unconscious — and becoming an equal partner with Luke, who turns out to be her brother. The wise old man guides the hero. He is a form of the animus, and reveals to the hero the nature of the collective unconscious. In Star Wars, he is played by Obi Wan Kenobi and, later, Yoda. Notice that they teach Luke about the force and, as Luke matures, they die and become a part of him. You might be curious as to the archetype represented by Darth Vader, the â€Å"dark father. † He is the shadow and the master of the dark side of the force. He also turns out to be Luke and Leia's father. When he dies, he becomes one of the wise old men. There is also an animal archetype, representing humanity's relationships with the animal world. The hero's faithful horse would be an example. Snakes are often symbolic of the animal archetype, and are thought to be particularly wise. Animals, after all, are more in touch with their natures than we are. Perhaps loyal little robots and reliable old spaceships — the Falcon– are also symbols of animal. And there is the trickster, often represented by a clown or a magician. The trickster's role is to hamper the hero's progress and to generally make trouble. In Norse mythology, many of the gods' adventures originate in some trick or another played on their majesties by the half-god Loki. There are other archetypes that are a little more difficult to talk about. One is the original man, represented in western religion by Adam. Another is the God archetype, representing our need to comprehend the universe, to give a meaning to all that happens, to see it all as having some purpose and direction. The hermaphrodite, both male and female, represents the union of opposites, an important idea in Jung's theory. In some religious art, Jesus is presented as a rather feminine man. Likewise, in China, the character Kuan Yin began as a male saint (the bodhisattva Avalokiteshwara), but was portrayed in such a feminine manner that he is more often thought of as the female goddess of compassion! The most important archetype of all is the self. The self is the ultimate unity of the personality and is symbolized by the circle, the cross, and the mandala figures that Jung was fond of painting. A mandala is a drawing that is used in meditation because it tends to draw your focus back to the center, and it can be as simple as a geometric figure or as complicated as a stained glass window. The personifications that best represent self are Christ and Buddha, two people who many believe achieved perfection. But Jung felt that perfection of the personality is only truly achieved in death.

Topic: the United States Home Front During World War Ii

Topic: The United States Home Front During World War II Essential Question: â€Å"How important was the home front to the United States’ victory in World War II? National Standard for United States History: Era 8, Standard 3 The origins and course of World War II, the character of the war at home and abroad, and its reshaping of the United States role on world affairs. Instructional Objectives:Students will be able to: 1. Explain and evaluate extensive economic and military mobilization on the home front by the United States during World War II and its impact of the success of the war effort. 2. Explain how the whole country, across all economic and social levels, was involved in a unified effort to produce the goods of war and of the common sacrifice made by every citizen through rationing, victory gardens, bond drives, etc. 3. Analyze and assess the effects of World War II on culture, family, gender roles, and technology in American society.Background Description/Historic al Significance: Although there were no military battles fought on the mainland of the United States, World War II had a profound effect on the nation as the Federal government mobilized its economic, financial, and human resources to defeat Axis aggression. This war returned the nation to economic prosperity after a decade of dismal depression, promoted the growth of big business, and enhanced a close relationship between industry and the military.Politically, the power of the presidency and influence of the Federal government increased, and socially and economically, the war, through common sacrifice made by all, became a vehicle for improving the status of Americans. In short, the war became a catalyst for significant economic and social change whose impact extended well-beyond its duration. For example, before the war women had traditionally played a secondary role in the job market and men had dominated the industrial job sector.However, with millions of men being drafted or jo ining the military, women were needed to man the factories and supply centers producing goods for the war. (Over 400,000 women also served in the military during World War II. ) They also had traditionally faced job discrimination and lower pay levels, but some of these inequities began to fade as they took on more and more responsibility in factories and production centers. Posters extolling â€Å"Rosie the Riveter† were printed, recognizing the need and importance of recruiting women for the work force.Between 1941 and 1944, the number of women working outside the home rose by 5,000,000. By 1944, 72% of the female workforce were married women and their average age was over thirty-five. The war could not have been won without them. The war also began to create a more level playing field for minorities who had traditionally faced discrimination. All Americans were needed in the war effort and so black American, Hispanic Americans, and Japanese Americans (where in California w hole families had been sent to military detention camps), were being drafted and joining the military.In the case of African and Japanese Americans, separate and segregated military units were created†¦ yet, they fought on the same battlefields with their fellow citizens. Changes also occurred on the home front. Factory workers were needed in the industrial north, and a migration of black workers to northern factories began and would continue until many years after the war had ended. What happened in the country during this time was really remarkable.America’s entry into the war had brought the Nation together, united in a common and just cause, like at no other time in its history. The sacrifice being made by families and citizens was equally and fully shared. At the same time, social change was occurring which would carry over into the post-war years and ultimately result in more equal rights for everyone. What was happening on war front was linked to the home front. T he combination would result at war’s end with America emerging as the world’s pre-eminent economic super power.Instructional Activities and Primary Source/Document Excerpts: The following document excerpts, photographs, and posters can be selected, read, discussed, analyzed, and assessed by students, either individually for subsequent general class discussion, in a pair-and-share format, or in small groups with a cooperative learning activity. At the discretion of the teacher, document excerpts, photographs, and posters could grouped at designated â€Å"stations† in the classroom, and small groups of students could rotate from station to station during the instructional period.As the groups of students examine, explain, and evaluate the pictures and texts of the following selected documents, they will begin to ascertain and assess the pivotal role that the American home front played in the Allied victory in World War II. The teacher can select (as a menu) which of the following photographs, posters, and document excerpts are most appropriate for the instructional needs of their students on this historical topic. Following these photographs, posters, and document excerpts there is a menu of thought-provoking questions to stimulate student discussion and interaction.As a discussion prompt for either small group or whole class discussion, the teacher can present the following adage to the students: â€Å"If ‘every picture tells a story,’ describe what story about the American home front in World War II is being told by the following photographs and posters. † The photographs and posters of women and African Americans during World War II have been selected from the following websites:www. womenshistory. about. com and www. archives. gov/research/african-americans/ww2 [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Document â€Å"A†: Whereas it is the policy of the United States to encourage full par ticipation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin, in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders, and Whereas there is evidence that available and needed workers have been barred from employment in industries engaged in defense production solely because of considerations of race, creed, color, or national origin, to the detriment workers’ morale and of national unity: Now, therefore, . . .I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations . . . to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without dis crimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin. . . . All contracting agencies of the Government of the United States shall include in all defense contracts hereafter negotiated by them a provision obligating the contractor not to discriminate against any worker because of race, creed, color, or national origin. † —– Executive Order 8802, June 25, 1941 by President Franklin Roosevelt Document â€Å"B†: It is the policy of the Government of the United States to encourage full participation in the National Defense program by all citizens, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders. The policy was stated in my Executive Order signed on June 25, 1941. The order instructed all parties making contracts with the Government of the United States to include in all defense contracts thereafter a provision obligating the contractor not to discriminate against any worker because of race, creed, color, or national origin. Questions of race, creed, and color have no place in determining who are to man our ships.The sole qualification for a worker in the maritime industry, as well as any other industry, should be his loyalty and his professional or technical ability and training. † —– Letter from President Franklin Roosevelt to Mr. Joseph Curran, President of the National Maritime Union, January 14, 1942 Document â€Å"C†: â€Å"I welded . . . lying on the floor while another welder spattered sparks from the ceiling and chippers like giant woodpeckers shattered our eardrums. I . . . have sat at a bench welding flat and vertical plates. . . I did overhead welding, horizontal, flat, vertical. . . I made some good welds. . . I had a good taste of summer today, and I am convinced that it is going to take backbone for welders to stick to their jobs through the summer months.It is harder on them than on any other of the workers—their leathers are so hot and heavy, they get more of the fumes, and their hoods become instruments of torture. There were times today when I’d have to stop in the middle of a tack and push my hood back just to get a breath of fresh air. It grows unbearably hot under the hood, my glasses fog and blur my vision, and the only thing to do is to stop. . . . Yet, the job confirmed my strong conviction. . . [that] what exhausts the woman welder is not the work, nor the heat, nor the demands upon physical strength. It is the apprehension that arises from inadequate skill and consequent lack of confidence, and this can be overcome by the right kind of training. I’ve mastered tacking now, so that doesn’t bother me.I know that I can do it if my machine is correctly set, and I have learned enough of the [ways] of machines to be able to set them. And so, in spite of the discomforts of climbing, heavy equipment, and heat, I enjoyed the work today because I could do it. † —– Augusta Clawson, a female welder in a shipyard, quoted from Augusta Clawson, Ship Diary of a Woman Welder (New York: Penguin, 1944). Document â€Å"D†: In the figure below the development of the United States labor force by gender during the war years. |Year |Total labor force (*1000) |of which Male (*1000) |of which Female (*1000) |Female share of total (%) | |1940 |56,100 |41,940 |14,160 |25. | |1941 |57,720 |43,070 |14,650 |25. 4 | |1942 |60,330 |44,200 |16,120 |26. 7 | |1943 |64,780 |45,950 |18,830 |29. 1 | |1944 |66,320 |46,930 |19,390 |29. 2 | |1945 |66,210 |46,910 |19,304 |29. | |1946 |60,520 |43,690 |16,840 |27. 8 | Source: Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (1976), Chapter D, Labor Series D 29-41. Document â€Å"E†: â€Å"It is nearly five months since we were attacked at Pearl Harbor. . . . Since then we have dispatch ed strong forces of our Army and Navy, several hundred thousand of them, to bases and battlefronts thousands of miles from home. We have stepped up our war production on a scale that is testing our industrial power, and our engineering genius and our economic structure to the utmost. . . . This is a tough job—and a long one. . . To build the factories, to buy the materials, to pay the labor, to provide the transportation, to equip and feed and house the soldiers, sailors and marines, and to do all the thousands of things necessary in a war—all cost a lot of money, more money than has ever been spent by any nation at any time in the long history of the world. We are now spending, solely for war purposes the sum of about one hundred million dollars every day in the week. . . . All of this money has to be spent. . . if we are to produce within the time now available the enormous quantities of weapons of war which we need. . . . All of us are used to spending money for thi ngs that we want, things which are not absolutely essential.We will all have to forego that kind of spending. Because we must put every dime and every dollar we can possibly spare out of our earnings into War Bonds and Stamps. Because the demands of the war effort require the rationing of goods of which there is not enough to go around. Because the stopping of purchases of non-essentials will release thousands of workers who are needed in the war effort. . . . I know the American farmer, the American workman, and the American businessman. I know that they will gladly embrace the economy and equality of sacrifice, satisfied that it is necessary for the most vial and compelling motive in all their lives—winning through to victory. . . As we here at home contemplate our own duties, our own responsibilities, let us think. . . hard of the example which is being set by our fighting men. . . . They are the United States of America. That is why they fight. We too are the United State s of America. That is why we must work and sacrifice. It is for them. It is for us. It is for victory. † —– President Franklin Roosevelt, Fireside Radio Chat, April 28, 1942 Document F â€Å"In late May 1940, with the fall of France imminent, [President] Roosevelt requested huge funds for the development of military and naval requirements. On December 20, 1940, he established the Office of Production Management with industrial leader William S. Knudsen as Director†¦.On December 29, 1940, in a fireside chat on the radio, he called for a national production effort that would make the United States the world’s â€Å"arsenal of democracy†. [After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941,] at the beginning of 1942 Roosevelt announced a compulsory production program: ‘Let no one say that this cannot be done, and we are committed to doing it. ’ He issued a clarion call for 60,000 planes, 45,000 tanks, 20,000 antiaircraft guns, 500, 000 machine guns, and 8 million tons of merchant shipping in one year†¦. The entire world was amazed by the pace of American production. By 1943, the production schedule was increased to 125,000 planes, 75,000 tanks, 35,000 antiaircraft guns, and 10 million tons of merchant shipping†¦.During the course of the war the productive capacity of the United States gave the allied coalition more than half its armaments, 35% of those used against Nazi Germany, and 86% of those employed against Japan. While providing the United Kingdom, the British Commonwealth, the Soviet Union, and Nationalist China with arms and loans, the United States at the same time doubled its industrial output. † Louis L. Snyder’s Historical Guide to World War II Greenwood Press: Westport, Conn: Louis Snyder: 1982 Sample Thought-provoking Questions To Develop Student Group or Whole-Class Discussion: 1. If the adage, â€Å"Every picture tells a story,† is applied to each of the above-list ed photographs and posters, how did World War II affect the lives of women and African Americans? † 2.How did World War II affect American family life? 3. Explain the meaning of President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 8802, and how did this Executive Order affect African Americans? 4. To what extent did Executive Order 8802 lay the foundation for the upcoming civil rights movement in the years after World War II? 5. Describe the experiences of women who worked in factors during World War II. (Example: female welders). Why was it important for woman to work in factories during World War II? 6. How did the contributions of women on the home front contribute to the American victory in World War II? 7. How did World War II serve as a catalyst for social change in American society? Prior to discussing Question 8 provide a brief overview and background as to the role of A. Philip Randolph, the most important African American labor leader of the time, and how he threatened to or ganize a March on Washington if the Defense Industries were not desegregated. 8. Explain the meaning and significance of the following quotation and slogan of A. Philip Randolph, President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, in 1941, in proposing a massive March on Washington: â€Å"WE LOYAL NEGRO AMERICAN CITIZENS DEMAND THE RIGHT TO WORK AND FIGHT FOR OUR COUNTRY. † Why did Randolph cancel the march after President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802?Do you think that Randolph made the right decision? Explain your viewpoint. 9. How did World War II end the Great Depression and return the United States to economic prosperity? 10. Why did President Roosevelt describe the United States as an â€Å"arsenal of democracy? † Summary: The teacher can refer the students back to the â€Å"essential question† which was posed at the start of the lesson: â€Å"How important was the home front to the United States’ victory in World War II? † The stud ents are directed to respond and take a position (develop a viewpoint) on this historical issue concerning the pivotal role that the home front played in the victory of the United State in World War II.At the teacher’s discretion, the pupils’ responses can be presented orally as closure to small group and/or whole-class discussion, or in written form, such as a response to an essay prompt or a journal entry into a â€Å"learning log† to bring effective closure to the lesson. Thus, as a circular approach to teaching and learning, the lesson was â€Å"opened† with a thought-provoking â€Å"essential question† as its primary learning objective at the start of the instructional period, developed through an examination, explanation, and evaluation of primary source document excerpts through group work, cooperative learning, pair-and-share, etc. , and closed with a critical assessment through the lens of the lesson’s evaluative â€Å"essential qu estion. †Application (â€Å"Transfer Task†): Students can compare the pivotal role and significant impact of the American home front to military victory in World War II to the role and impact of the American home front today as the as the United States fights wars against terrorism and to promote democracy in Iraq and Afghanistan. Students can also compare the roles of women and African Americans in the armed services today with the roles and opportunities that were presented to them during World War II. World War II at the Memorial: [pic] 1. Study the images of sculptor Ray Kaskey’s bas-relief panel that depict the following: †¢ Lend-Lease/War Declared †¢ News of Pearl Harbor Men and Women at Work/Aircraft Construction †¢ Agriculture †¢ West Coast Shipbuilding †¢ War bond Parade 2. How does Kaskey’s relief panel capture the essence of the heroism of the men and women who worked on the home front in factories and on farms to secure Allied victory? Do you think Kaskey’s panels reflects what you learned in this lesson? If, so explain how. 3. Study images of the two types of ornamental wreaths used around the memorial on the fifty six pillars. The oak leaves represent American industrial strength and the wheat sheaves represent America’s agricultural ability to feed the world. Why do you think Kaskey chose these particular metaphors for the home front? 4.Examine the image of the pillars of states and territories. Notice that they are all connected by ropes. What does this tell you about the memorial’s design based on what you have learned in this lesson? What does this design tell you about the nation and the American people from 1941-1945. 5. Read the memorial inscription by Colonel Oveta Culp Hobby. (marker stone on northeast side of the plaza, south face). How is what you have learned in this lesson reflected in Hobby’s quote? [pic] 6. Read the memorial inscription by President Fra nklin Roosevelt (marker stone on northeast side of the plaza, west face). How is what you have learned in this lesson reflected in Roosevelt’s quote? [pic]Image 1: Pacific Victory Arch and State and Territory Pillars [pic] Image 2: Atlantic Victory Arch and State and Territory Pillars [pic] Image 3: Bas-relief panel â€Å"Lend-Lease/War Declared† [pic] Image 4: Bas-relief Panel â€Å"News of Pearl Harbor† [pic] Image 5: Bas-relief panel, â€Å"Men and Women at Work/Aircraft Construction† [pic] Image 6: Agriculture [pic] Image 7: Bas-relief panel â€Å"West Coast Shipbuilding† [pic] Image 8: Bas-relief panel â€Å"War Bond Parade† [pic] The Friends of the National World War II Memorial would like to thank the generous support of the AT&T Foundation, General  Motors Foundation and USAA as major sponsors of our education program who helped make these lesson plans possible.